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During the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 the student protesters received donations from abroad. From places as far as the United States and Europe to places as close as Hong Kong, many people showed their support for the students.〔Zhang Liang, “An Emergency Report of the Beijing Party Committee” in ''The Tiananmen Papers'' (New York: Public Affairs, 2001). p. 334.〕 Many of these people showed their support not just vocally or through political channels, but also through donations. These donations came through channels such as pro-democracy fundraisers and other large events, which helped gather support for the movement. Donations included both money and other much needed supplies, such as tents and other basic necessities including food, computers, high-speed printers, and advanced communication equipment.〔Zhang Liang, “An Emergency Report of the Beijing Party Committee” in ''The Tiananmen Papers'' (New York: Public Affairs, 2001). p. 334.〕〔Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard, ''Gate of Heavenly Peace'', Directed by Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard. (1995; Boston: Long Bow Group, 1995), film〕 According to Chai Ling, one of the top student leaders, in an interview that took place on May 28, 1989, these donations helped to raise the fluctuating spirits and morale of the students, giving an illusion of strength to the protesters and helping to improve the deteriorating conditions of the square.〔Cheng Eddie, ''Standoff in Tiananmen'' (Sensys Corp, 2009) pg 231-232〕 == Hong Kong == In Hong Kong, then still a British territory, support for the movement was massive, with thousands of citizens rallying to support the pro-democracy protests. Groups such as the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, and the Hong Kong Federation of Students played pivotal roles in fueling the movement along with pro-democracy activists.〔“Who we are,” Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, accessed March 20, 2014, http://www.alliance.org.hk/english/The_Alliance/who_we_are.html〕 The Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements (HKASPDM) was created on the 21 of May 1989, a day when “one million Hong Kong citizens participated in a parade which lasted for eight hours in support for the mainland students”.〔Lo Sonny Shiu-Hing, “The Role of Political Interest Groups in Democratization of China and Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China”, ''The Journal of Contemporary China'' 22:84 (2013) pg 929〕 Led by Szeto Wah, a prominent pro-democracy activist, HKASPDM raised support for the Beijing protesters through the use of demonstrations and fundraisers.〔Bradsher Keith, “Szeto Wah, Political Activist in Hong Kong, Dies at 79” ''New York Times'', January 2, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/03/world/asia/03szeto.html?_r=0〕 The most well known of these fundraisers was the Concert for Democracy, which took place on 27 May and was attended by 300,000 supporters. The concert also included the attendance of several high profile personalities including Jackie Chan, Anita Mui, Beyond, Teresa Teng, and Jacky Cheung.〔“Past Events,” Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, accessed March 20, 2014, http://www.alliance.org.hk/english/The_Alliance/past_events.html〕 The Concert raised 14 million Hong Kong dollars (1.5 million American dollars), in donations for the Tiananmen protesters.〔Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard, ''Gate of Heavenly Peace'', Directed by Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard. (1995; Boston: Long Bow Group, 1995), film〕〔“Troops Halted by the Crowds,” Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, accessed March 20, 2014, http://www.alliance.org.hk/english/Tiananmen_files/890521.html〕 HKASPDM would also play an even larger role in the days following the June fourth crackdown with Operation Yellowbird, which was a plan created by Hong Kong film maker John Shum to help protesters escape the mainland.〔Lo Sonny Shiu-Hing, “The Role of Political Interest Groups in Democratization of China and Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China”, ''The Journal of Contemporary China'' 22:84 (2013) pg 929-30〕 In order to fund the operation, which cost from 50,000-100,000 Hong Kong dollars per rescue, HKASPDM used more fundraising concerts, including one that lasted 12 hours, to collect donations.〔Lo Sonny Shiu-Hing, “The Role of Political Interest Groups in Democratization of China and Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China”, ''The Journal of Contemporary China'' 22:84 (2013). p. 929-30.〕 Other sources of monetary donations came from student groups such as the Hong Kong Federation of Students, a large student organization made up of several Hong Kong universities, who raised around ten million Hong Kong dollars.〔Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard, ''Gate of Heavenly Peace'', Directed by Hinton Carma, Gordon Richard. (1995; Boston: Long Bow Group, 1995), film〕 Other smaller student groups like the Hong Kong College Student Union also met in the early days of May and gathered funds and organized mass rallies and demonstrations in support of the Beijing students.〔“Autonomous Students’ Federation Held Press Conference” Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, accessed March 20, 2014, http://www.alliance.org.hk/english/Tiananmen_files/890501.html〕 The Communist Party knew of these donations and Chinese State Security mentioned in a report submitted on June 1 that certain people in Hong Kong had raised 21 million Hong Kong dollars in support for the protesters. They later changed the number to 30 million and explained that these pro-democracy supporters were bringing money to the mainland in separate, smaller installments, with one support group carrying one million Hong Kong dollars being sent ahead of time.〔Zhang Liang, “Western Infiltration, Intervention and Subversion” in ''The Tiananmen Papers'' (New York: Public Affairs, 2001). p. 347.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「International Material Gifts From Outside Mainland China During the 1989 Tiananmen Square Protests」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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